Technology of Water Pollution Control and Water Disposal

This field is aimed at dealing with severe water pollution, lack of water resources, water eutrophication and lack of water security systems. In order to meet major scientific and technical needs of water pollution control and treatment, lots of researches have been conducted under the guidance of National Outline for Medium and Long Term S&T Development(2006-2020), such as analysis of characteristics of water pollution resources, process and key technology of pollutant removal and recycling, development of water advanced treatment and water reuse, establishment of technical systems of high-efficient sewage disposal, energy-saving control and water security. These researches have provided theory, technology and method to improve the water quality and facilitate the process of water pollution control and water treatment.

 

Our institution has already obtained some important research achievements. Such as:

● Theory and technology of security assurance of drinking water

On the basis of over 20 programs, such as the key programs of 8th five-year plan~10th five-year plan, NSFC(Natural Science Foundation of China) projects, “863” projects, the special S&T projects on treatment and control of water pollution and national key technology R&D programs, researches have been continuously carried out on the treatment of polluted drinking water and its theory, which focuses on three segments, namely ecology protection of water resource region, purification of micro polluted drinking water, and water transport and distribution. Besides, other researchers have been conducted, in different fields like establishment of ecological reservoirs in water resource regions and technologies of improving water quality in such regions, biodegradation of blue-green algae and algal toxin in eutrophicated raw water, BEAF, advanced treatment using ozone-biological activated carbon, safe disinfection, and water quality stability in pipe network. Water purification process suitable for small and medium-sized waterworks using energy-saving water-dropping aeration biological contact oxidation and ultrafiltration, and drinking water depollution process in rural area using rough filtration plus slow sand filtration technics, have been developed. The pathways and removal mechanisms of specific pollutant and trace organic pollutant during water treatment process have been also illustrated. The achievements won National Grade II Prize of Science and Technology Progress granted by Environmental Protection Bureau, 3rd Prize of Science and Technology Progress granted by Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2nd Prize of Science and Technology Progress granted by Ministry of Construction, Jiangsu Province 2nd Prize of Science and Technology Progress, etc. Plus, over 20 national patents for invention have been applied for and granted, among which advanced purification of drinking water using UV-O3 was highly valued and recognized as an innovative achievement, and treatment of algal toxin was top-notch at home.

 

● Technology of nitrogen and phosphorus removal and energy economization during domestic sewage treatment process

On the basis of over 10 programs, such as NSFC (Natural Science Foundation of China) projects, key scientific projects of Ministry of Education, high-tech research projects and social development projects, in order to treat sewage with low carbon nitrogen ratio, researches have been carried out on the new processes and equipment of advanced N&P disposal and reuse of P, and technology of nitrogen and phosphorus removal and energy saving during domestic sewage treatment process. Moreover, new processes and equipment for advanced sewage treatment were developed, eg., muddy water self circulation order A2/O process, commutative multi influent order A2/O process, which put forward tactics and methods of saving energy and process control from aspects of treatment process, equipment and online monitoring. New processes of double sludge biological denitrification and denitrifying phosphorus and phosphorus resources recycling were also developed, while the allocation and transformation of carbon sources in the system, the removal pathway of N&P and its microorganism mechanisms, were illustrated. High-quality phosphate was obtained and the recovery rate reached above 80%. The research achievements were successfully applied to pilot and production experiments, which made effluent quality reaching or closed to the GB18918-2002 1A discharge standard. Nearly 10 patents for invention have been applied for and granted.

 

● Comprehensive improvement of rural environment and technologies of rural sewage treatment and recycling

On the basis of over 10 projects, such as NSFC(Natural Science Foundation of China) projects, “863” projects, the special S&T projects on treatment and control of water pollution, national key technology R&D programs, S&T projects of Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural, and Jiangsu Province S&T projects, the R&D and management practice of rural sewage treatment was conducted early at home, and key technologies of construction of modernized human settlements in rural area were also researched on. 5 energy saving and low-carbon ecological treatment processes of rural water were developed, evaluation system of operational stability and efficiency was developed, and security mechanism and supervision norm of rural sewage treatment were put forward. With these achievements applied to over 100 projects, a characteristic of “C, N&P removal as a target, biological-ecological combination technology as a core, and conservation of energy, land and cost” took shape, which had a tremendous impact and superiority at home. The related achievement were adopted into Guidelines of environment renovation of rural areas in China and Casebook of rural sewage treatment (China Architecture & Building Press).As to construction of modernized human settlements in rural area, with researches on technological development and pilot engineering, a key technical system was formed, combining residential district planning of rural area characterized by South China, architectural styles, building energy conservation, circulation of water in residential area, and waste collection and transportation system, which provided S&T support to environment renovation and construction of human settlements in rural area. Based on the research achievements, over 10 national patents for invention have been applied for and granted. Moreover, entrusted by relevant administrative department, we took charge and compiled Design technique regulations of small-sized engineering of domestic sewage treatment and selected works of operative technologies of domestic sewage treatment in Jiangsu rural area, and took part in compiling Technical guide of rural domestic sewage treatment and Technical regulations of rural sewage treatment equipments.

 

● Technologies of treating high-concentration degradation-resistant industrial waste water

In order to reach the discharge standard of high-concentration degradation-resistant industrial waste water, and further improve the effluent water quality to meet higher environmental standards, fruitful achievements have been gained with support of state and provincial research projects and S&T projects entrusted by industrial enterprises, thus, establishing distinctive areas of strength. Researches on “technologies of treating tannery waste water”, “comprehensive technologies of treating pesticide waste water containing chlorobenzene and o-chloronitrobenzene”, “technologies of treating phosphatizing wastewater produced in coating process”, “characteristics of organic wastewater treated with anaerobic granular sludge ” and so on. Some technologies and equipment of treating industrial wastewater were developed. Some of the achievements were recommended as the best operative technology by the former State Ministry of light industry and Environmental Protection Department of Jiangsu Province. Furthermore, “technologies of reaching primary standard for printing and dyeing wastewater in Jiangsu Province” and “advanced treatment using eco-ponds in Yangzi petrochemical wastewater treatment plant” further developed the water quality of industrial wastewater effluent. The application would control the discharged pollutants and help adjust to sensitive environment and meet the higher standards.

 

Currently the focuses of research are as including follows:

(1) Biological pretreatment of micropolluted water and removal technology and mechanism of trace organic pollutants;

(2) Advanced treatment of drinking water and safe sterile technique and its evaluation;

(3) Research on energy saving process of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from domestic sewage, the development of reactor, and intelligent control;

(4) The control of rural domestic sewage and surface runoff, technology of reusing N&P, and development of the equipment;

(5) Technology and mechanism of MFC coupled with decarbonization and denitrification;

(6) Technology of treating high-concentration organic wastewater and the development of its equipment.