Ecological Restoration of Water Environment

Date:12,27,2013Views:1059

This direction studying for a series of water environment problems which restricting the economic and social development, endangering people's health, affecting the social stability and environmental safety, such as pollution emissions exceeding the water environment carrying capacity, black-odor river, lake eutrophication, serious aquatic ecological damage, loss of biodiversity and degradation of ecosystem function, etc. Research and development of water environment ecological restoration technologies are carried on, which are advanced and practical, low cost, adjust measures to local conditions, has strong biodiversity, stable ecosystem,  resistance of pollution load fluctuation and low maintenance requirements of operation and management, providing system theory, method and practical technology for further improvement of the water environment quality of lakes under the premise of point source pollution and non-point source pollution achieved effective control.

 

Our institution has already obtained some important research achievements. Such as:

● Ecological restoration technology of eutrophic lakes

With the support of National Science and Technology Major Projects (The special S&T project on treatment and control of water pollution), National 863 Program, Natural Science Foundation of China and Key projects of environmental protection in Jiangsu province, the sub direction of this research carried out a series of major and key projects on lake ecological restoration, such as “Lakes massive algae blooms and cyanobacteria treatment, disposal and utilization technology” of the national eleventh five-year special water project, “The ecological remediation and buffer zone construction technology and engineering demonstration of lakeside” of the sub project, “Study on the non-point source pollution control complete technology of the Taihu Lake network area” and “Study on the technology for improvement of drinking water source quality in Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake” of the national 863 Program, “Planning and study on the ecological remediation technology for littoral zone of Taihu Lake”, “Planning and study on the State-level ecological restoration demonstration area of Daepo Harbour”, and “Pilot-scale study on the State-level ecological restoration demonstration area” of the key projects of environmental protection in Jiangsu province, and the feasibility research on inflowing rivers of Erhai lake in Dali of Yunnan province—Luoshi River water environment comprehensive improvement project. This direction also developed technologies with leading domestic level, such as “The technique of artificial medium for water environment ecosystem reconstruction”, “Multiple habitats compound ecological floating bed- artificial fish reef- submerged plant technology used for water environment ecological restoration”, etc, and has been authorized more than 10 national invention patents.

 

● Ecology protection and ecological slope protection technology for water source area

Introduced and developed the ecological concrete manufacture technology, the construction technology of ecological slope protection which can be applied into ecology protection for ocean, lake, reservoir, river bank and side slope oxidation pond, overcame the disadvantages of traditional concrete slope protection which can’t grow plants, using porous concrete precast single balls in place of common concrete, taking advantage of porous concrete precast single balls which have the pore conditions for plant growth, integrating soil and water conservation with ecological restoration, it has the effects of biological diversity effect, landscape effect and water quality purification, etc, and can achieve the aim of ecological slope protection and the double function of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration. We have been authorized 5 national invention patents at present, the technology has been applied in projects of “Safe drinking water security technology of Taihu lake watershed”, “Zhenjiang water environment comprehensive improvement and demonstration project” and water environment remediation projects in Zhejiang Province, Shanghai, Suzhou and Yixing, etc.

 

● Novel type of artificial wetland technology

With the support of Natural Science Foundation of China, Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province and Jiangsu Science & Technology Department, multiple new type of artificial wetland technologies have been developed. For instance, we developed “Purification technology of hydroponic vegetables artificial wetland”, it can produce aquatic vegetables in industrialization mode while purifying water quality and generate considerable economic benefits, which can change the situation of ecological restoration engineering rely on government investment. “Purification technology of hydroponic vegetables artificial wetland” can be applied into advanced treatment of tail water from centralized or decentralized sewage treatment plant, the nitrogen and phosphorus interception of farmland precipitation runoff, depth purification for tail water from blue-green algae liquid biological treatment and the purification of the slightly polluted river water, etc. “The constructed wetlands based on biological synergy” was developed, The technology introduced oligochaeta terrestrial animals into the traditional vertical flow constructed wetland, it solved the easily blocked problem of artificial wetland as well as improved the biodiversity of the wetland system, it has enhanced the "food chain" in wetlands and increased the removal efficiency of refractory organics of the wetland.

 

● Large-scale algae bloom removal and disposal technology of eutrophication lakes

With the support of the special S&T project on treatment and control of water pollution, Management science and technology projects of Taihu Lake in Jiangsu province, and science and technology projects of Water Resources Department of Jiangsu province, etc, aiming at The large-scale algae bloom removal and disposal technology of eutrophication lakes, we have completed some researches on technologies such as the integration of shipborne efficient cyanobacteria concentration dehydration and pinch technology (cooperated with the China Ship Scientific Research Center), intercept and collection of water-bloom cyanobacteria in strong algae accumulation zone of lake, the enrichment and dehydration technology for cyanobacteria of rich algae water, the efficient to produce biogas technology combined algae slurry with aquatic plants,  biological ecological treatment disposal technology for tail water of algae slurry anaerobic fermentation, biological ecological control and water quality improvement technology of low concentration of cyanobacteria, the engineering application technology of Algicidal bacteria, the formation mechanism of local black smelly water body, Emergency engineering solution integration for local black smelly water body, etc. Formed the system of complete sets of technology and the integration innovation system from the efficient mechanized collection of lake large-scale cyanobacteria blooms to the resource utilization of algae water and algae mud, and the removal technology for the removal of low concentration of cyanobacteria and ecology protection, and achieved the combination of the removal of large-scale bloom algae with the comprehensive utilization of blue-green algae biomass. By the means of collection, comprehensive utilization of algae, the removal of cyanobacteria blooming, the acquirement of biomass energy and the elimination of secondary pollution are all achieved. This technology system provided the references for the large-scale algae bloom removal and disposal for eutrophication lakes, and we have been authorized about 10 national invention patents.

 

Currently the focuses of research are as including follows:

(1) The construction technology for ecologicalization of coastline of lakes;

(2) The ecological restoration technology for multiple habitat ecosystems;

(3) The development and application of microbial fuel cell type artificial wetland.